Analysis of the Lexical Meaning of Harf Jar in Surah Al-Ahqaf

This study aims to analyze the lexical meaning of the harf jar in the holy Quran Surah Al-Ahqaf. The research method used is library research by collecting data through the study of relevant books, literature, notes, and reports. Data analysis is done through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and data verification to conclude the research results. The results showed that there are 70 lexical meanings of 8 types of harf jar in Surah Al-Ahqaf. The harf jar "min" has a lexical meaning of "from" with the number of occurrences 17 times. The jar "ilā" has the lexical meaning of "to, to" with the number of occurrences 6 times. The jar "'an" has the lexical meaning of "from, away from" with 3 occurrences. The jar "alā" has the lexical meaning of "above" with 7 occurrences. The jar "fī" has the lexical meaning of "at, in" with 8 occurrences. The harf jar "ba" has the lexical meaning of "with" with 17 occurrences. The jar "kaf" has the lexical meaning of "like, like" with 2 occurrences. The harf jar "lam" has the lexical meaning of "ownership, share" with 10 occurrences.

with verbs in a clause. 5 In terms of semantics, prepositions show various meaning relationships between the element before the preposition and the element after it. 6 Each jar harf has its own meaning, but the jar harf does not only have one meaning. On the contrary, when the jar is used in the Arabic sentence structure, it has other meanings. For example, the jar "min" means al-ibtidā' which refers to the beginning, whether it is the beginning of a place or time. 7 Semantics in Arabic refers to the study of the meaning of words and sentences. It involves understanding concepts, meaning relations between words, and how context affects the meaning conveyed. In Arabic, semantics involves an in-depth analysis of word structure, the use of word roots, as well as the changes in meaning that occur in a given context. 8 In Arabic, word meanings are often based on word roots. Word roots consist of three basic consonants that form the core meaning, and by adding additional vowels and consonants, words with different meanings can be formed. For example, the root ‫"كتب"‬ (k-t-b) generally means "to write", but with the addition of affixes or vowel changes, we can form words like ‫"كاتب"‬ (katib) meaning "writer" or ‫"كتاب"‬ (kitab) meaning "book". 9 Moreover, in Arabic semantics, understanding context is very important. The meaning of a word or sentence can change depending on the context in which it is used. Understanding the context can affect the interpretation of words, figurative meanings, or even changes in grammar.
Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the context as a whole when analyzing meaning in Arabic. 10 In summary, Arabic semantics involves the study of the meaning of words and sentences, focusing on the analysis of word roots, word formation based on word roots, as well as the role of context in determining the exact meaning. A good understanding of Arabic semantics allows us to better understand the meanings conveyed in texts, speech, and everyday communication in Arabic. 11 So important is the study of the harf jar, several researchers have left their studies, such as research conducted by Muh. Saifullah. This study reveals the repetition of harf jar in surah al-5 Abdul Chaer, Linguistik Umum, Cetakan ke. (Jakarta: Penerbit Rineka Cipta, 2012). 6 Nusarini Nusarini, "Preposisi Dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Tinjauan Bentuk Dan Peran Semantisnya," Caraka: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan, Kesastraan, dan Pembelajarannya 4.1 (2017): 19-32. 7 Mushthafa Al-Ghalayiny, Jami' Durūs Al-Arabiyah (Beirut: Maktabah Al-Ashriyah, 1994 Sajadah as many as 66 times with certain meanings. 12 Another research conducted by Maryam Taebi; In her research discusses the figurative meaning of the preposition ‫"ب"‬ (b) in the Quran, especially in the second ten Juz'. It also discusses the controversy surrounding the addition of the verse "Bismillah" at the beginning of each surah in the Quran, which is considered a definite part of the Quran by Shia scholars, but not by Sunni scholars. In addition, it provides various interpretations and examples of verses that use the preposition ‫"ب"‬ (b) in the Quran from the point of view of various commentators and syntacticians, both Sunni and Shia. 13 Then the research conducted by Zohreh Ghassabpoor, et al; the results of his research show that the meaning of the preposition "BE" in Persian is wider than the meaning of the preposition "BĀ" in Arabic. In a total of 35 meanings, 30 of them belong to "BE" and 18 to "BĀ". The study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the grammar and rules of both languages for accurate translation of literary and religious texts. In addition, the study also highlights the influence of Arabic on Persian and the need for mastery of both languages for accurate translations. 14 Research conducted by Haj Bibi Naderan, et al. The results showed that the meaning of the preposition of Surah Al-Imran has a significant effect on the quality of translation from mother tongue to mother tongue to mother tongue and from mother tongue to foreign language, because the preposition gives rise to different meanings in the context of the Quran, and is an influential factor in different translations. This and the difference between translators' linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge have led to Quranic translations being presented in different qualities. 15 The result of this study is to provide a better understanding of the semantic function of the preposition ‫"ب"‬ in Arabic and how it is realized in different ways in English. This study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the context in translating the preposition ‫"ب"‬ to avoid losing meaning in translation. Thus, this study can help translators and speakers of Arabic and English to better understand the use of the preposition ‫"ب"‬ in both languages. Likewise, research has been conducted by M. Napis Djuaeni, et al; the study explains that the harf jar ba has a significant influence on changes in meaning so that it is not uncommon for this to give birth to differences in interpretation or commonly called khilafiyah among scholars and determination of law (istinbat), such as the command to do ablution in QS. al-Maidah / 5: 6, that which causes differences in interpretation because of an interpretable content on the harf jar ba. 17 Another study that has been done by Nur Asdaliah, et al; researchers  Another research that has been conducted by Puti Zulharby and Analisa Apriliani; researchers on this study showed that the errors made by students in general are intralingual errors, which are caused by limited understanding of changes in the meaning of words that form idioms, and macrolinguistic errors caused by improper cross-cultural interpretation. In addition, this study also contributes to beginner Arabic learners about the diversity of meanings of harf jar that form an idiom. 19 Understanding the lexical meaning or the meaning of words in the Qur'an is an important step in understanding the message that Allah SWT wants to convey. In this study, lexical meaning analysis is used to explore a deeper understanding of the use of the harf jar in Surah Al-Ahqaf. Therefore, this study is a complement to the works that have existed before.

Method
This research includes library research. The data is collected by conducting a study of books, literature, notes, and reports that have to do with the problem being solved. The data in this study consist of primary data and secondary data. The primary data is the harf jar in surah al-Ahqaf, while the secondary data comes from various sources that study the harf jar. The data are then analyzed using an interactive analysis model through a data reduction process by sorting out which data is needed and which is not needed based on the researcher's title, presenting data  data display) by grouping data based on the problem under study, and the last is data verification or drawing conclusions.

Result and Discussion
Lexical meaning refers to the meaning of a word when the word is used independently, either in the form of a lexeme (base word) or in a form that has affixes (affixes) with a relatively fixed meaning, as can be found in a dictionary of a particular language. The researcher has identified 70 lexical meanings consisting of 8 types of meanings from 8 harf jar. The following is a list of lexical meanings of harf jar found in the Qur'an Surah Al-Ahqaf: 1. Harf jar /min/ The lexical meaning of harf jar /min/ is from. 20 In Indonesian, the word "from" is a preposition that indicates the origin or starting place of something. 21 In Surah Al-Ahqaf, there are 17 lexical meanings of harf jar min in the 2nd verse, 4th verse, 5th verse, 9th verse, 10th verse, 12th verse, 15th verse, 17th verse, 18th verse, 21st verse, 22nd verse, 26th verse, 27th verse, 28th verse, 31st verse, 32nd verse, and 35th verse.
The revelation of the Scripture is from Allah the Mighty, the Wise (QS. Al-Ahqaf : 2.) And who is further astray than those who, instead of Allah, pray unto such as hear not their prayer until the Day of Resurrection, and are unconscious of their prayer (QS. Al- Or say they: He hath invented it? Say (O When before it there was the Scripture of Moses, an example and a mercy…. (QS. Al- . but the nations before me have passed Such are those on whom the Word concerning nations of the jinn and mankind which have passed away before them hath effect. Lo! they are the losers (QS. Al-Ahqaf : ….. and hearts, but their hearing, their sight, and their hearts do not avail them anything, for they always deny the verses of …. and believe in Him, surely He will forgive some of your sins and save you from the punishment of Allah…. (QS. Al-Ahqaf : 31) . punishment is hastened for them. On the day when they will see the promised punishment, it will be as if they had stayed only a moment during the day. (Your advice is) a warning (from Allah). So, none will be destroyed except the wicked (QS. Al-Ahqaf : In the verses mentioned above, the meaning of harf jar /min/ is /al-ibtidā/, which means stating the beginning. This means that the word followed by harf jar /min/ is the beginning of the meaning of the related sentence. The researcher concluded that the al-ibtidā meaning of harf jar min is a lexical meaning, because the al-ibtidā meaning is comparable to the meaning of the word "from" in Indonesian, which also expresses the place of beginning. 22 Arabic linguists are of the opinion that most of the meanings of harf jar min are to explain the beginning. 23

Harf jar /ilā/
The lexical meaning of harf jar /ilā/ is "to" or "to". 24 In Indonesian, the words "to" or "to" function as prepositions that indicate direction and purpose. 25 .. preceded us (in believing) in him." (However,) not being guided by it, they will say, "This is an old lie (which is being represented) (QS. Al-Ahqaf : 11) The meaning of harf jar /ilā/ in the verses mentioned above is to describe the end of something or its destination. The researchers concluded that the intihā al-gāyati meaning of harf jar /ilā/ can be considered a lexical meaning as it is equivalent to the meaning of the word "to" in Indonesian, both of which indicate the same direction or purpose. 26

Harf jar /'an/
The lexical meanings of harf jar /'an/ are "than", "from", and "far from". 27 In Indonesian, the word "than" is used as a preposition to show comparison, while the word "from" also functions as a preposition with one of the meanings of "through" or "past". 28 In Surah Al-Ahqaf, there are three uses of harf jar /'an/ with the same lexical meaning in verse 16, verse 22, and verse 28.
Those are the ones We accept their best deeds that they have done, We forgive In the above verses, harf jar /'an/ means al-mujāwazatu, which literally means "through" or "past". The meaning of al-mujāwazatu can be considered equivalent to the meaning of the word "from" in Indonesian, which also means through or past. 29
When Our clear verses are recited to them, the disbelievers say of the truth when it comes to them, "This is manifest magic" (Al-Ahqaf : 7).
Indeed, those who say: "Our Lord is Allah", then they remain steadfast, then there is no fear for them nor do they grieve (Al-Ahqaf : 13).
They are the ones who will surely be doomed with the nations before them from among the jinn and men. Indeed, they are the ones who have lost (Al-Ahqaf : 18).
On the day (when) those who disbelieved are confronted with hell, (it will be said to them,) "You have spent good (sustenance)…..(Al- Do they not see that Allah, who created the heavens and the earth and does not tire of creating them, has the power to bring the dead to life? Of course He does. Indeed, He is Almighty over all things (Al-Ahqaf : 33).
On the day (when) the disbelievers are confronted with hell, (it will be said to them,) "Is not this (punishment) the truth?….. (Al- The lexical meaning of harf jar /'alā/ is "above". In Indonesian, the word "above" is used to express a place that has a higher position. 32 Surah Al-Ahqaf includes 7 uses of the lexical meaning of harf jar 'alā found in the 7th, 13th, 15th, 18th, 20th, 23rd, and 34th verses.
We did not create the heavens, the earth, and what is between them, except with right and in an appointed time. Nevertheless, those who disbelieve turn away from the warning given to them (Al-Ahqaf: 3).
Bring me the book that was before this When the people are gathered (on the Day of Judgment), they will be their enemies and they will deny the worship they used to do to them (Al-Ahqaf: 6).
What do you speak about it (the Qur'ān).
He is sufficient witness between me and you.
He is the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful (Al-Ahqaf: 8).
Say (Prophet Muhammad), "I am not the first of the messengers and I do not know what (Allah) will do to me or to you. I follow only what is revealed to me and I am none other than a warner who explains to you the truth (Al-Ahqaf: 9).  …. Had the Qur'ān been something good, they would not have preceded us in believing in it." (However,) not being guided by it, they will say, "This is an old lie (which is represented) (Al-Ahqaf: 11).
They are the dwellers of Paradise (and) abide therein in recompense for what they have done (Al-Ahqaf: 14).
Allah and they were surrounded by that which they had always mocked at The meaning of harf jar /lam/ in the above verse can be explained as /al-milk/, which means ownership. Muhammad Hassan Sharif reveals that the original meaning of harf jar lam is /al-milki/. 41 According to Jamaluddin Ibn Hisyam, harf jar lam has the meaning of istiḥqāq which is related to the meaning and nature of a sentence, as well as related to the retribution against the disbelievers. The meaning of istiḥqāq is the basic meaning of the harf jar lam, because it belongs to the syibhu al-milk type of meaning which is the basis of harf jar lam. 42

Conclusion
Analyzing the lexical meaning of the harf "jar" provides a deeper insight into the structure of the Arabic language and enriches our understanding of Qur'anic verses. Through proper understanding of the use of the harf "jar" in Surah Al-Ahqaf, we can explore the deeper meaning of each verse and capture the message that Allah SWT wants to convey.
The use of the harf "jar" in Surah Al-Ahqaf shows the diversity of meanings and functions that the letter can express. The harf "jar" is used in different contexts, such as describing the relationship between nouns and verbs, indicating ownership or strengthening the meaning of a word, and indicating a place or location. The researcher's suggestion is to conduct a more in-depth study of the historical and linguistic context of Surah Al-Ahqaf. Understanding the background and circumstances when the Surah was revealed can help us understand the context of the use of the harf "jar" and the intentions contained therein.