ISLAM KOSMOPOLITAN DALAM PEMIKIRAN ABDURRAHMAN WAHID: RELEVANSI BAGI PLURALISME INDONESIA

• M. Anang Sholikhudin

  Yudharta Pasuruan

• Nela Cahya Anggraini

• Nia Mamlu'ul Hikmah

This study investigates Abdurrahman Wahid’s concept of cosmopolitan Islam, which serves as a critical framework for developing an inclusive, democratic, and humanistic Islamic discourse in Indonesia. The core issue addressed in this research is the tension between exclusive religious interpretations and the pluralistic vision promoted by Wahid. The purpose of this study is to explain the theoretical construction of cosmopolitan Islam in Wahid’s thought and to analyze its relevance to contemporary socio-religious challenges. This research employs a qualitative library research approach by examining Wahid’s writings, scholarly literature, and previous studies related to pluralism, religious moderation, and multiculturalism. The findings reveal that Wahid’s cosmopolitanism is grounded in universal human values, cultural openness, and interreligious dialogue. His ideas are reflected not only in theoretical discussions but also in practical actions, including the defense of minority rights, the promotion of democratic principles, and the recognition of local cultures as legitimate expressions of Islamic identity. The study concludes that Wahid’s cosmopolitan Islam remains highly relevant for strengthening religious moderation and countering intolerance in modern Indonesia.

Abdullah, M. Amin. Studi Agama: Normativitas atau Historisitas? Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2002.

Abdullah. “Kurikulum Pesantren dalam Perspektif Gus Dur; Suatu Kajian Epistemologis.” Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam (JPAI) 4, no. 2 (2016): 227–248. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/jpai.2016.4.2.227-248.

Barton, Greg. Gus Dur: The Authorized Biography of Abdurrahman Wahid. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2011.

Firnando, Hero Gefthi. “Islamic Cosmopolitanism: The Vision of Nurcholish Madjid and Its Implications for Religious Policy in the Era of Globalization.” Journal of Religious Policy 3, no. 1 (2024): 66–90. https://doi.org/10.31330/repo.v3i1.61.

Firnando, Hero Gefthi. “Kosmopolitanisme Islam: Gagasan Nurcholish Madjid dan Implikasinya bagi Kebijakan Keagamaan di Era Globalisasi.” Religious Policy: Jurnal Kebijakan Keagamaan 3, no. 1 (2024).

Habibullah, M. “Kosmopolitanisme dalam Budaya Islam.” Artikel, UIN STS Jambi.

Hidayah, Nur. “KH. Abdurrahman Wahid: Analisis Terhadap Pemikiran dan Peranan Politiknya di Indonesia.” Skripsi S1, UIN Alauddin Makassar, 2013.

Ida, Laode, dan A. Thantowi Jauhari. Gus Dur di antara Keberhasilan dan Kenestapaan. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1999.

Kompasiana (Ahmad Maulana). “Menyelami Makna Toleransi ala Gus Dur.” 4 Juli 2017. https://www.kompasiana.com/akhmadmaulana/595bb5b68d6c992d61403e92/menyelami-makna-toleransi-ala-gus-dur?page=all.

Maghfuri, Amin. “Islam Kosmopolitan dalam Pandangan KH. Abdurrahman Wahid dan Implikasinya terhadap Konsep Pendidikan Islam Indonesia.” Tesis, UIN Sunan Kalijaga, 2015.

Masdar, Umaruddin. Membaca Pemikiran Gus Dur dan Amin Rais tentang Demokrasi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1998.

NU Online. “Tafsir Surat Al-Hujurat Ayat 13: Larangan Membangga-banggakan Garis Keturunan.” https://nu.or.id/tafsir/tafsir-surat-al-hujurat-ayat-13-larangan-membangga-banggakan-garis-keturunan-E5Dln.

Samsudin, dan Siti Nurbaya. “Konsep Pemikiran Abdurrahman Wahid tentang Islam Kosmopolitan.” FiTUA: Jurnal Studi Islam 3, no. 1 (2022).

Shaleh, Sonhaji (ed.). Dinamika Pesantren: The Role of Pesantren in Education and Community Development in Indonesia. Jakarta: P3M, 1988.

Siswanto. “Gagasan Islam Kosmopolitan Abdurrahman Wahid terhadap Konteks Sosial Keagamaan di Indonesia.” Program Studi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2020.

Syaputra, Dedi, dan Iber Marza. “Membumikan Pluralisme dalam Pendidikan Islam: Analisis Pemikiran Abdurrahman Wahid.” NUR EL-ISLAM 12, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.51311/nuris.v12i1.1013.

Wahid, Abdurrahman. Islam di Tengah Pergulatan Sosial. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana, 1993.

Wahid, Abdurrahman. Pergulatan Agama, Negara dan Kebudayaan. Depok: Desantara, 2001.

Wahid, Abdurrahman. “Prospek Pesantren sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan.” Dalam Sonhaji Shaleh (ed.), Dinamika Pesantren. Jakarta: P3M, 1988.

Wajdi, Muh Barid Nizarudin. “Pemikiran Gus Dur: Evaluasi Kebijakan Keagamaan di Indonesia melalui Lensa Pluralisme dan Multikulturalisme.” Journal of Religious Policy 4, no. 1 (2025): 22–44. https://doi.org/10.31330/repo.v4i1.52.

Zulihi, Muhammad Syukri Nawir, dan Athoillah Islamy. “Paradigma Islam Kosmopolitan dalam Orientasi Pendidikan Pesantren di Indonesia.” Risalah: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Islam 8, no. 4 (2022). jurnal.faiunwir.ac.id.

• PDF