The Impact of Agricultural Land Use on Soil Damage Status in the Bangsal Sub-Watershed
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35891/axe4vb29Keywords:
Agricultural land; soil damage; Brantas watershedAbstract
Introduction: The Bangsal Sub-Watershed is a downstream area of the Brantas Watershed that has experienced environmental damage characterized by poor vegetation cover, a very high erosion index, very high sediment load, and a flood frequency of more than once per year. This study analyzes the impact of various types of land use on soil damage in the Bangsal Sub-Watershed. Methods: The study was conducted through a survey using purposive sampling on two types of land use, namely intensive agricultural land (plantations, dry fields, rice fields) and semi-natural land (forests, shrubs), each with three points. Ten soil degradation parameters were evaluated with reference to Government Regulation No. 150/2000 and Minister of Environment Regulation No. 07/2006. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, BNJ test, correlation, and multiple regression. Results: A total of 14 sample points were classified as moderately damaged (R II), while one point on agricultural land in the form of dry fields was severely damaged (R III) with a relative frequency score of 25. The main limiting factors in dry fields included surface rockiness, bulk density, porosity, and redox. Semi-natural land showed more stable conditions due to permanent vegetation cover and minimal disturbance, while intensive agricultural land was more vulnerable to damage due to human activities. Multiple regression analysis resulted in R²adj = 0.85, indicating a very strong relationship between soil parameters and damage status. Conclusion: Agricultural land, especially upland fields, which are most vulnerable to soil degradation, requires the implementation of soil and water conservation practices such as terracing and agroforestry development to restore agricultural productivity and ensure the sustainability of ecosystems in the Bangsal sub-watershed.
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