A performance improvement model for coconut-based cooperatives through value chain integration and livelihood assets in North Maluku
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35891/02j9ab38Keywords:
Coconut Cooperatives, Cooperative Performance, Value Chain, Livelihood Assets, SEM-PLSAbstract
Introduction: Coconut-based cooperatives in North Maluku play a strategic role in the community economy but face persistent challenges such as low product value-added and limited market access. Integrating value chains and livelihood assets is therefore essential to enhance their institutional performance. Methods: This study employs a quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Primary data were collected from 285 cooperative administrators and members through purposive sampling and structured questionnaires with a five-point Likert scale. Results: Findings indicate that all tested direct effect pathways are statistically significant (t-statistic > 1.960; p-values < 0.05). Specifically, value chain integration and livelihood assets serve as critical mediating variables that bridge the influence of exogenous factors (primary/support activities and various capitals) on cooperative performance. Strong path coefficients highlight the strategic importance of these mediation mechanisms. The results demonstrate that performance is determined not only by internal management but also by strengthened value chain linkages and enhanced member asset capacity. Conclusion: Improving cooperative performance requires a holistic approach that integrates institutional aspects, value chain coordination, and member capacity building. This study offers a theoretical model for commodity-based cooperatives and provides a policy foundation for promoting sustainable rural economic development in North Maluku.
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