Implementation of the Product Differentiation Learning Model Based on Poster Making in Improving the Understanding of Moral Beliefs of Grade VIII Students
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Keywords:
Product Differentiation, Poster-Based Learning, Student-Centered LearningAbstract
Akidah Akhlak instruction in Indonesian Islamic junior secondary schools remains largely teacher-centered and textbook-oriented, limiting active student participation and failing to address diverse learning needs. This qualitative case study explores the implementation of a poster-based product differentiation learning model to enhance eighth-grade students' understanding of Akidah Akhlak at MTs N 2 Banyuwangi. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with one teacher and twenty-five students, classroom observations, and analysis of lesson plans and student-produced posters. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana interactive model. The findings indicate that the learning process was implemented through three stages: orientation, differentiation, and presentation-reflection, transforming a passive classroom into an interactive and student-centered learning environment. Students demonstrated improvements in cognitive understanding by identifying and explaining concepts of reprehensible moral behavior, increased affective engagement through greater learning motivation and autonomy, and enhanced psychomotor skills by integrating visual design, written communication, and creative expression. Classroom interaction shifted from teacher-dominated instruction to collaborative dialogue, while the teacher assumed the role of facilitator rather than sole knowledge provider. Students responded positively, although some required time to adapt to the more independent learning approach. Supporting factors included clear learning objectives, relevant themes, an open classroom climate, and structured peer presentations, whereas limited instructional time, varying artistic abilities, classroom management challenges, and unequal access to drawing materials remained constraints. The study concludes that poster-based product differentiation is an effective instructional strategy for improving meaningful and student-centered Akidah Akhlak learning in Islamic secondary education
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