Food Security Index and Socioeconomic Paradox in East Java: A Comprehensive Analysis Using SEM-PLS Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35891/91ax2731Keywords:
Food security index, SEM-PLS analysis, Agricultural poverty, East Java.Abstract
Introduction: East Java, as a major food producer in Indonesia, faces a paradox of food security where high rice production (5.5 million tons) contrasts with the highest national poverty rate (4.18 million impoverished residents).
Methods: This study analyzes nine food security indicators across 38 districts/cities using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to evaluate the dimensions of availability, accessibility, and utilization.
Results: The analysis reveals that food accessibility (demonstrated by poverty loading factor=0.954 and food expenditure=0.955) significantly negatively impacts the Food Security Index (β=-0.576; p=0.002), while food availability shows no meaningful effect (β=0.123; p=0.223).
Conclusion: These findings identify economic access inequality rather than production shortages as the root cause of food insecurity in East Java, necessitating policy reorientation toward enhancing household purchasing power, improving Farmers' Terms of Trade, and implementing poverty alleviation programs integrated with regional food security systems.
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