Produksi, kualitas dan cita rasa tempe biji labu kuning, biji bunga matahari dan kacang adzuki
Production, Quality, and Taste of Tempeh Pumpkin Seeds, Sunflower Seeds and Adzuki Beans
Abstract
Informasi tentang peran mikrobiota usus terhadap kesehatan terus meningkat dipublikasi. Telah dilaporkan makanan fermentasi berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan dan kesehatan mikrobiota usus yang baik. Salah satu makanan fermentasi khas Indonesia adalah tempe. Tempe dapat diolah dari berbagai jenis bahan baku. Namun tempe yang banyak diproduksi dan dikonsumsi adalah tempe kedelai sehingga ragam jenis tempe yang ada terbatas. Dengan demikian perlu dikaji terus alternatif bahan baku tempe selain kedelai. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan cita rasa, antioksidan dan komposisi tempe dari bahan kedelai dengan tempe bahan baku biji bunga matahari, kacang adzuki, biji labu kuning dan campuran semua. Pembuatan tempe dilakukan di laboratorium menggunakan bahan baku: kedelai/TK, biji bunga matahari/Tempe TBM, biji adzuki /Tempe TA, biji labu kuning/Tempe TL dan campuran semua (1:1:1:1)/ Tempe TC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua tempe memiliki permukaan yang warna putih, tekstur kompak sehingga saat dipotong tidak rontok, dan aromanya berbau khas tempe tanpa bau amonia. Parameter tersebut sesuai dengan syarat mutu tempe kedelai yang diatur pada SNI 3144:2015. Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik, semua tempe, kecuali Tempe TA, memiliki cita rasa yang dapat diterima dengan baik oleh panelis. Semua tempe, kecuali Tempe TA, memiliki kadar protein dan kadar lemak yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kadar yang ditentukan pada syarat mutu tempe kedelai pada SNI 3144:2015, yaitu kadar protein minimal 15% dan kadar lemak minimal 7%. Semua tempe memiliki aktivitas antioksidan namun tidak berbeda nyata, dan yang tertinggi ditemukan pada Tempe TBM. Penelitian lebih lanjut masih diperlukan untuk mengkaji sifat fungsional Tempe: TK, TBM dan TC tersebut dan mengkaji pengaruhnya terhadap kesehatan dan kesimbangan mikrobiota usus.
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